Jo Kristian Bergum
Trey Grainger
Doug Turnbull
Free Lesson

The unreasonable effectiveness of BM25 for agentic search

Part of The Future of AI Search

60 min
Oct 30, 2026 11:00 AM

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What you'll learn

Retrieval, not reasoning, is what holds most agents back

Agents given the right evidence answer hard questions well, but finding that evidence in ~1B tokens is the hard part.

Why “BM25 is just a baseline” breaks down with agents

How default settings and evaluation harnesses can make lexical retrieval look weak, and what changes when you fix them.

Agents search like power users, and why BM25 rewards this

Why explicit and expressive queries benefit agents, allowing them to draw on what they know to refine as neede.

Design the harness, then measure the whole task

How the way you expose search shapes results & token cost, and why end-to-end task success beats single-query metrics.

Why this topic matters

Grep became a core retrieval tool for coding agents. Jo Kristian Bergum, CEO of Hornet, argues that BM25 serves a similarly powerful function for search agents (in contrast with popular vector embedding approaches). GPT-5 is a very capable searcher, writing long, precise queries with exact phrases in ~98% of sessions. Jo will walk through the unreasonable effectiveness of BM25 for agentic search, and why this 30-year old algorithm often wins.

You'll learn from

Jo Kristian Bergum

Jo Kristian Bergum

CEO at HORNET.dev

Previously at
HORNET.dev
Vespa.Ai
Yahoo
Verizon
Trey Grainger

Trey Grainger

Author AI Powered Search

Previously at
Searchkernel
Presearch Community
Lucidworks
CareerBuilder
Doug Turnbull

Doug Turnbull

Co-Author AI Powered Search

Previously at
Shopify.com
Reddit
OpenSource Connections
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